## Solving $\mathcal{I}$-equations

Published on Sunday, 9th June 2019, 10:00 am; Solved by 78

### Problem 674

We define the $\mathcal{I}$ operator as the function $\mathcal{I}(x,y) = (1+x+y)^2+y-x$ and $\mathcal{I}$-expressions as arithmetic expressions built only from variables names and applications of $\mathcal{I}$. A variable name may consist of one or more letters. For example, the three expressions $x$, $\mathcal{I}(x,y)$, and $\mathcal{I}(\mathcal{I}(x,ab),x)$ are all $\mathcal{I}$-expressions.

For two $\mathcal{I}$-expressions $e_1$ and $e_2$ such that the equation $e_1=e_2$ has a solution in non-negative integers, we define the least simultaneous value of $e_1$ and $e_2$ to be the minimum value taken by $e_1$ and $e_2$ on such a solution. If the equation $e_1=e_2$ has no solution in non-negative integers, we define the least simultaneous value of $e_1$ and $e_2$ to be $0$. For example, consider the following three $\mathcal{I}$-expressions: $\begin{array}{l}A = \mathcal{I}(x,\mathcal{I}(z,t))\\ B = \mathcal{I}(\mathcal{I}(y,z),y)\\ C = \mathcal{I}(\mathcal{I}(x,z),y)\end{array}$ The least simultaneous value of $A$ and $B$ is $23$, attained for $x=3,y=1,z=t=0$. On the other hand, $A=C$ has no solutions in non-negative integers, so the least simultaneous value of $A$ and $C$ is $0$. The total sum of least simultaneous pairs made of $\mathcal{I}$-expressions from $\{A,B,C\}$ is $26$.

Find the sum of least simultaneous values of all $\mathcal{I}$-expressions pairs made of distinct expressions from file I-expressions.txt (pairs $(e_1,e_2)$ and $(e_2,e_1)$ are considered to be identical). Give the last nine digits of the result as the answer.